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Tuesday, 24 December 2024

Rann of Kutch (ਕੱਛ ਦਾ ਰਣ)

🔆Rann of Kutch

✅ The Rann of Kutch is a vast area of salt marshes, straddling the border between India and Pakistan.

✅It is primarily located in the Kutch district of Gujarat, with a smaller portion in the Sindh province of Pakistan.

Divisions:

🔰Great Rann of Kutch: The larger portion, stretching east to west.

Bordered by the Thar Desert to the north and Kutch Hills to the south.

🔰Little Rann of Kutch: Located southeast of the Great Rann, extending southwards to the Gulf of Kutch.

✅Geographical features: It lies close to sea level, connected to the Arabian Sea via the Kori Creek (west) and the Gulf of Kutch (east).

✅It is the only large flooded grassland zone in the Indomalayan realm, a biogeographic region extending across South and Southeast Asia.

✅Climate:

Summer: Temperatures average 44°C, peaking at 50°C.

Winter: Temperatures can drop to freezing levels or below.

📍Ecological significance:

✅Flora and Fauna:

Indian Wild Ass (Khur): The Little Rann of Kutch is home to this endangered species.

✅Ecosystems include mangroves, desert vegetation, and grass-covered patches (baits), vital for local wildlife.

✅The region is part of the Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary, India’s largest wildlife sanctuary.

✅Unique biodiversity: It supports diverse ecosystems with desert on one side and the sea on the other, fostering unique plant and animal life.

✅Historical and cultural significance: The Rann has seen neolithic settlements and later became a centre for the Indus Valley Civilization. It has been part of historic empires like the Mauryas and Guptas, reflecting its rich historical lineage.

✅Kutch Desert:

🔰The Kutch Desert spans vast areas, bordered by:

Sindh (Pakistan) in the northwest.

🔰Arabian Sea to the southwest.

Rajasthan in the northeast.

🔰It provides an example of Holocene sedimentation, showcasing geological and environmental diversity

🔆ਕੱਛ ਦਾ ਰਣ

✅ ਕੱਛ ਦਾ ਰਣ ਲੂਣ ਦਲਦਲ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਸ਼ਾਲ ਇਲਾਕਾ ਹੈ, ਜੋ ਭਾਰਤ ਅਤੇ ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ ਦੀ ਸਰਹੱਦ 'ਤੇ ਫੈਲਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਹੈ।

✅ਇਹ ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ ਦੇ ਸਿੰਧ ਸੂਬੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਛੋਟੇ ਹਿੱਸੇ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ, ਗੁਜਰਾਤ ਦੇ ਕੱਛ ਜ਼ਿਲ੍ਹੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਥਿਤ ਹੈ।

ਵੰਡ:

🔰ਕੱਛ ਦਾ ਮਹਾਨ ਰਣ: ਵੱਡਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ, ਪੂਰਬ ਤੋਂ ਪੱਛਮ ਤੱਕ ਫੈਲਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ।

ਉੱਤਰ ਵੱਲ ਥਾਰ ਮਾਰੂਥਲ ਅਤੇ ਦੱਖਣ ਵੱਲ ਕੱਛ ਦੀਆਂ ਪਹਾੜੀਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਲੱਗਦੀ ਹੈ।

🔰ਕੱਛ ਦਾ ਛੋਟਾ ਰਣ: ਮਹਾਨ ਰਣ ਦੇ ਦੱਖਣ-ਪੂਰਬ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਥਿਤ, ਦੱਖਣ ਵੱਲ ਕੱਛ ਦੀ ਖਾੜੀ ਤੱਕ ਫੈਲਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਹੈ।

✅ ਭੂਗੋਲਿਕ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾਵਾਂ: ਇਹ ਕੋਰੀ ਕ੍ਰੀਕ (ਪੱਛਮ) ਅਤੇ ਕੱਛ ਦੀ ਖਾੜੀ (ਪੂਰਬ) ਰਾਹੀਂ ਅਰਬ ਸਾਗਰ ਨਾਲ ਜੁੜਿਆ, ਸਮੁੰਦਰ ਦੇ ਤਲ ਦੇ ਨੇੜੇ ਸਥਿਤ ਹੈ।

✅ਇਹ ਇੰਡੋਮਾਲੀਅਨ ਖੇਤਰ ਦਾ ਇਕਲੌਤਾ ਵੱਡਾ ਹੜ੍ਹ ਵਾਲਾ ਘਾਹ ਵਾਲਾ ਖੇਤਰ ਹੈ, ਜੋ ਕਿ ਦੱਖਣ ਅਤੇ ਦੱਖਣ-ਪੂਰਬੀ ਏਸ਼ੀਆ ਵਿੱਚ ਫੈਲਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਇੱਕ ਜੀਵ-ਭੂਗੋਲਿਕ ਖੇਤਰ ਹੈ।

✅ ਜਲਵਾਯੂ:

ਗਰਮੀਆਂ: ਤਾਪਮਾਨ ਔਸਤਨ 44°C, ਸਿਖਰ 'ਤੇ 50°C।

ਸਰਦੀਆਂ: ਤਾਪਮਾਨ ਠੰਢ ਦੇ ਪੱਧਰਾਂ ਜਾਂ ਇਸ ਤੋਂ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਆ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ।

📍 ਵਾਤਾਵਰਣਕ ਮਹੱਤਤਾ:

✅ ਬਨਸਪਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਜੀਵ ਜੰਤੂ:

ਭਾਰਤੀ ਜੰਗਲੀ ਗਧਾ (ਖੁਰ): ਕੱਛ ਦਾ ਛੋਟਾ ਰਣ ਇਸ ਲੁਪਤ ਹੋ ਰਹੀ ਸਪੀਸੀਜ਼ ਦਾ ਘਰ ਹੈ।

✅ ਈਕੋਸਿਸਟਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੈਂਗਰੋਵਜ਼, ਮਾਰੂਥਲ ਦੀ ਬਨਸਪਤੀ, ਅਤੇ ਘਾਹ ਨਾਲ ਢਕੇ ਹੋਏ ਪੈਚ (ਦਾਣਾ) ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹਨ, ਜੋ ਕਿ ਸਥਾਨਕ ਜੰਗਲੀ ਜੀਵਾਂ ਲਈ ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਹਨ।

✅ ਇਹ ਖੇਤਰ ਵਾਈਲਡ ਐਸ ਵਾਈਲਡਲਾਈਫ ਸੈੰਕਚੂਰੀ ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਹੈ, ਭਾਰਤ ਦਾ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਡਾ ਜੰਗਲੀ ਜੀਵ ਸੈੰਕਚੂਰੀ।

✅ ਵਿਲੱਖਣ ਜੈਵ ਵਿਭਿੰਨਤਾ: ਇਹ ਇੱਕ ਪਾਸੇ ਮਾਰੂਥਲ ਅਤੇ ਦੂਜੇ ਪਾਸੇ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਵਿਭਿੰਨ ਵਾਤਾਵਰਣ ਪ੍ਰਣਾਲੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਸਮਰਥਨ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਵਿਲੱਖਣ ਪੌਦਿਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਜਾਨਵਰਾਂ ਦੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਨੂੰ ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹਿਤ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ।

✅ਇਤਿਹਾਸਕ ਅਤੇ ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰਕ ਮਹੱਤਵ: ਰਣ ਨੇ ਨਿਓਲਿਥਿਕ ਬਸਤੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਦੇਖਿਆ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਿੰਧੂ ਘਾਟੀ ਸਭਿਅਤਾ ਦਾ ਕੇਂਦਰ ਬਣ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਮੌਰਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਗੁਪਤਾਂ ਵਰਗੇ ਇਤਿਹਾਸਕ ਸਾਮਰਾਜਾਂ ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ, ਜੋ ਇਸਦੇ ਅਮੀਰ ਇਤਿਹਾਸਕ ਵੰਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ।

✅ਕੱਛ ਮਾਰੂਥਲ:

🔰ਕੱਛ ਮਾਰੂਥਲ ਵਿਸ਼ਾਲ ਖੇਤਰਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਫੈਲਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸਦੀ ਸਰਹੱਦ ਹੈ:

ਉੱਤਰ ਪੱਛਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਿੰਧ (ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ)।

🔰ਦੱਖਣ-ਪੱਛਮ ਵੱਲ ਅਰਬ ਸਾਗਰ।

ਉੱਤਰ-ਪੂਰਬ ਵਿੱਚ ਰਾਜਸਥਾਨ।

🔰ਇਹ ਭੂ-ਵਿਗਿਆਨਕ ਅਤੇ ਵਾਤਾਵਰਣਕ ਵਿਭਿੰਨਤਾ ਨੂੰ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦੇ ਹੋਏ, ਹੋਲੋਸੀਨ ਤਲਛਣ ਦੀ ਇੱਕ ਉਦਾਹਰਣ ਪ੍ਰਦਾਨ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ .

Wednesday, 18 December 2024

SITTING ARRANGEMENT

A, P, R, X, S and Z are sitting in a row. S and Z are in the centre. A and P are at the ends. R is sitting to the left of A. Who is to the right of P ?

A.A

B.X

C.S

D.Z

Answer: Option-B

Explanation:

The seating arrangement is as follows:

Therefore, right of P is X.

Monday, 11 November 2024

Introduction- Dice Reasoning Questions

The dice look like a cube. the dice or a cube having six faces. A Dice Reasoning Questions involves face positions and numbers for finding out the opposite face of any particular face that is given in a question. Before showing Dice Reasoning Questions and answers, you must know some important points of the cube that are given below

There are six faces in the dice or cube i.e.- ABCD, PQRS, BQRC, APSD, PQBA and SRCD
4 faces are Always adjacent to one face.
opposite face of ABCD is PQRS And so on.
PQBA is the upper face of the dice or cube.
SRCD is the bottom face of the cube or dice.
There are certain values with the help of this rules question on dice that can easily be determined.

Types of Dice

There are two types of dies i.e Standard Dice and Non-Standard Dice. This topic of Dice Reasoning Questions And Answers included both types of questions that were asked in the competitive exam i.e standard and non-standard

1. Standard Dice

Dice in which the sum of digits of opposite faces is always “7”
1+6 = 7
2+5 = 7
3+4 =7

2. Non-standard Dice

Non-standard dice are totally different from standard dies. Dice which does not follow the position of numbers of standard dice is called non-standard dice

Tips and Tricks to Solve Dice Reasoning Questions

If you are solving Dice Reasoning Questions And Answers, you should know basic tips and tricks to solve Dice Reasoning Questions that help to understand closed and open dice reasoning questions clearly.

Trick Number 1:

Two opposite faces of dice cannot be adjacent to each other
Ex: below figure, there are different positions of two dice are shown. which number will appear on the face opposite to the number 4?

Solution:
Faces with four numbers i.e. 5, 3, 6, and 2 Are adjacent to the face with no. 4.

Hence the number of faces 5, 3, 6, and 2 are cannot be opposite to the number 4.

Trick Number 2:

If two different positions of a dice are shown in the figure, and there are two common faces that appear is in the same position then the other remaining faces will be opposite to each other.

Ex: Below figure shows Two different positions of a dice.

Solution:
Here in both figures, the positions of two faces 5 and 3 are common.
And the remaining faces are 2 and 4.
Therefore, the number on the faces of numbers 2 and 4 are opposite to each other.

Trick Number 3:

If two different positions of a dice are shown, and only one face has the same position and same number, then each of the remaining faces is opposite to the remaining faces of the other dice.

Ex: Here figure shows there are both positions and number is common i.e. 3

Solution:
Hence, the opposite of 2 is 4 and the opposite of 6 is 5.

Trick Number 4:

If two different positions of a dice are shown, and there is only one common number but the face position is different in this case, the opposite face of the common face is not showing in any two positions of dice. It means both dice show five faces and one face which hides. the face which is hidden is the opposite of the common face number.

Ex: Figure Shows two different positions of dice with common number 1, but it is not in the same position.
The hidden face with the number 6 is not shown.

Solution:
Hence, The hidden face is 6 who is opposite to the number 1.
Therefore, the opposite of face 3 is 2, and the opposite of face 5 is 1

Trick Number 5:

If two dies have only one symbol or sign is common but on different faces then the remaining faces will be opposed by the use of open dice as shown in the figure below.

5 opposite 2
1 opposite 4
3 opposite 6

Dice Reasoning Questions and Answers

Q1. Find the Sign who will be on the face opposite to the face of the symbol *?

open dice reasoning questions with answers

(A) @
(B) $
(C) 8
(D) +



Answer (C)
Solution:
Lets solve last two figure, in this $ and + sign are common, 
Hence remaining is * and 8. i.e opposite to each other

Q2. Two positions of dies of the figure are shown below. find how many points will appear on the face opposite of face 5 points?

(A) 3
(B) 2
(C) 1
(D) 4

Answer: (D)
Solution: In the above two positions of dies, there are two common faces i.e points 1 and 2. 
so the remaining faces are opposite to each other
Therefore according to Trick number (2), There will be 4 points to the opposite of 5 point face.

Q3. Which digit will appear on the face opposite to the face of number 4?

(A) 3
(B) 6
(C) 5
(D) 2/3

Answer: (A)
Solution: Here are the common faces number is 3, and it is in the same position.  Hence  6  is opposite to 2  and 1 is opposite to 5.  Therefore opposite of 4 is 3.

Q4. Two different positions of a dice are shown below. find out which number will appear on the face opposite to the face of number 5?

(A) 2
(B) 2/6
(C) 6
(D) 5


Answer: (C)
Solution: According to Trick number (3). 3 is a common face,  and it is in the same position.
Therefore the number of the opposite face with the number 5 is 6.

Q5. How many points will appear on the face opposite to 2 points?

(A) 6
(B) 3
(C) 2
(D) 4

Answer: (A)
Solution: In the first two positions of dice one face is common with their position i.e. 5.
Therefore, according to trick number (3), The face opposite to the face which contains 2 points is 6point.

Q6. Which number appears on the face opposite of 6?

dice reasoning question for competitive exams

(A) 3
(B) 2
(C) 1
(D) 4

Answer: (C)
Solution: In Figures 1st and 4th, there are two common numbers i.e. 4 and 2.
so the remaining side 6 and 1 are opposite to each other.

Q7. Two different positions of a dice are shown in the figure. when number 1 is on the top. which number present will be at the bottom?

(A) 3
(B) 2
(C) 6
(D) 5

Answer: (D)
Solution: According to trick number (2), When the dice have two common numbers i.e. 6 and 4,  then the remaining numbers will be opposite to each other. 
therefore opposite of 1 is 5 and its bottom number

Q8. two positions of dice and their face numbered are shown below figure. what surface will be on the top? If surface 4 touches the bottom.

(A) 6
(B) 2
(C) 1
(D) 5

Answer: (C)
Solution: In these two positions of dies, there is one common face with the same position i.e. number 1. Hence according to trick number (3),  6 is opposite to 2. Also, 5  is opposite to 3.  hence opposite to the number 4 is 1.

Q9. Positions of two dice are shown in the figure below, If on the dice there are two dots at the bottom, then find how many dots will appear on the top?

(A) 3
(B) 5
(C) 2
(D) 6

Answer: (B)
Solution: Here the common face is  4 dots and is in the same position.  therefore 2 dots will be opposite to the 5 dots.

Q10. Two positions of the dies figure are shown below. count how many points will appear on the top when 2 points are at the bottom?

(A) 5
(B) 6
(C) 1
(D) 4

Answer: (C)

Solution: In these two positions of dice, there is one common face

with the same position is 3. Hence according to Trick number (3), There will be

4 Points on the top of the required face.

Q11. Here below 4 positions of a cube are shown. Find out the sign who will be opposite to face ‘+’?

(A) X
(B) %
(C) –
(D) $

Answer: (A)
Solution: From given positions of  1 and 3, the common faces with is % and is in the same position. Hence according to trick number (3), the sign opposite to + is X.

Q12. Four positions of a dice are shown below figure. which number of the face will be opposite to the face of number 3?

(A) 5
(B) 2
(C) 1
(D) 4

Answer: (C)
Solution: The number of the adjacent faces to the face with number 3 is 5, 6, 2, and 4. Hence the opposite face with number 3 Will be opposite to the face with number 1

Q13. Two different positions of cubical blocks are shown below. which number will be at the bottom, When 5 is at the top

(A) 3
(B) 2
(C) 1
(D) 4

Answer: (A)
Solution:  in these 2  positions of dice one common face is common with the same position i.e. number 3.Hence according toTrick number (3),  4 is opposite to 2 and, 1 is opposite to 6. Therefore 5 is the opposite of 3.

Q14. The four positions of a dice are shown given below. find which color is opposite to yellow?

(A) Violet
(B) Red
(C) Pink
(D) Blue

Answer: (A)
Solution: The colors adjacent to yellow are, red, pink, blue, and orange.  Hence the opposite of yellow is violet.

Q15. If the digit 5 is on the bottom then which number will appear on its upper surface?

(A) 3
(B) 6
(C) 1
(D) 4

Answer: (C)

Solution: According to trick number (3), there is one common face with the same position i.e. 2. Hence when digit 5 is on the bottom then the upper surface number will be 1.

Q16. How many dots will appear on the face which is opposite to 3 dots?

(A) 3
(B) 5
(C) 1
(D) 4

Answer: (B)
Solution: The adjacent face of point 3 points has 2, 4, 6, and 1  points. Hence the face which is opposite to point 3 is 5.

Q17. From a given cube find the number which is opposite to the face 5?

open dice reasoning questions and answers

(A) 3
(B) 2
(C) 6
(D) 4

Answer: (B)
Solution:  The sum of any two neighbors' numbers is not 7.  so it is the case of standard dice.  Hence,  according to trick number (5), 5 is opposite to 2,  1 is opposite to 6, and 3 Is opposite to 4.

Q18. Find the number which is opposite to the face of 4?

(A) 5
(B) 2
(C) 1
(D) 6

Answer: (A)
Solution: In the Last two dice,  two numbers are common i.e 1 and 6,
Therefore,  4 is the opposite of 5.

Q19. Which letter will be shown on the face which is opposite to the face of the ‘F’ alphabet?

(A) D
(B) B
(C) A
(D) E

Answer: (D)
Solution: In the First two dies A, B, C, D Are the neighbor of E,
Therefore,  these cannot be opposite to E.
Therefore, F  is opposite to E.

Q20. Select from the alternatives, the box that can be formed by folding the sheet shown in the figure below

20Answer: (D)
Solution: The number 2 will lie Opposite the number 4, the number 1 will lie opposite the number 6 and the number 5 will lie opposite the number 3. Fig (a) Has numbers 1 and 6 on adjacent faces, Fig (B) has numbers 3 and 5 on adjacent faces, and Fig (C) Has numbers 2 and 4 On the adjacent faces. So, These are alternatives are not possible. Since, the numbers 1, 3, and 4 can appear on adjacent faces, so Fig (d) is possible.